Tag: reapportionment

Partisan Data a la Jeffmd is now available for TX and CA. Similar to NY, you have to click the “Use Test Data” checkbox near the top right before you select the state. These have newer population data (2008 I think) and the presidential data.

Secondly, I added 2 features: “Demographics by color” and “Partisan by color.” These are checkboxes in the Show section. Each colors all districts in the state according to demographics or partisan data.

More below the fold.

About the features….

When you click “Demographics by color, each district is colored by creating an RGB (Red, Green Blue) color like this: the percentage of the population that is White gives the Red value, the percentage Hispanic gives a Green value and the percentage of Black population gives a Blue value. The combination is the result. So districts that are redder have larger white populations, greener larger Hispanic populations and bluer larger Black population. I did not factor in Asian, Native American or Other population into the color. (I just tried to keep it simple for now.) You’ll notice sometimes districts colored black. That’s usually a large majority Native American district (the color value is 0, which is black). Some districts are colored white, which is the case when there is no population.

For “Partisan by color” It’s simply blue for the Democratic pct, Red for the Republican pct, and Green for Other.

Note: the Show Selected Old and New is shortened to Show Old/New CD. The coloring for this is now messed up, which has to do with other fixes I made, which are.

Fixes: (1) you should no longer see those weird dead zone triangles. I fixed the polygons. Except this messes up the Show Old/New CD and also the maps created by Save Maps.

(2) panning when you are way zoomed in is now slower and easier.

Note: if you already tried the California partisan data, you’ll need to manually delete the file vt06_d00_data_spec.csv in your Silverlight...mangled directory names…DaveRedistrictingCalifornia directory to force a reload of the corrected file from the server. (The first file had Hispanic and Other mixed up; the second still had some negative numbers; third time’s the charm).

Enjoy!

Quick update on the app. Because so many of you have been using the app (and it was discussed on the DailyKos front page last weekend) and because the test data for NY is so large, we’ve blown thru my bandwidth quota for the month. I’ve upped it a couple of times, and we’re over that, too. So far it seems the site still works, thanks to the grace of my host.

But, I’ve made a change so that once you load the date for a state, the app saves it on your machine in the same place as the drf.xml files. If you then refresh the browser and reload the state, it grabs the data from your machine, saving a lot of bandwidth and…bonus…making it a lot faster to load.

I’ve tested this with NY, NV and a couple of other states (and with combinations of voting districts and block groups) and it seems to work. Please let me know if you have problems.

(Also, I know about the Indiana voting district problem and will get to that soon.)

Thanks.

The Census Bureau has released its annual population estimates, so that means the usual players are in the field with their reapportionment projections. First up is Election Data Services. (You can check out their prior studies as well: 2007 | 2008.)

EDS now offers six different projection models. The column headers indicate the range of time used to calculate each projection.

The biggest losers in this new batch of projections are, not too surprisingly, the sun-belt states of Arizona and Florida. Last year, Arizona was expected to gain two seats under every single projection model. Now, in a stark demonstration of how southern migration has slowed in the midst of the Great Recession, the three nearest-term projections all show it picking up just one seat. Meanwhile, Florida, which still looked to gain two seats according to longer-term projections in 2008, now grabs just one new seat under all models.

Other losers include Oregon, which was slated to grab a new district under four of five models last year – it’s off the list entirely this time. North Carolina was in a much more marginal situation in 2008 (gaining a seat under two of five models), and it too drops from the list. Texas shows a teeny bit of wobble, as the longest-term projection now shows it picking up three rather than four seats, but it seems like the odds still favor four. California, on the other hand, stabilizes some more, with four of six models (including all the nearer-term ones) indicating it won’t lose any seats (last time, only two of five did).

The biggest gainers? That would be Missouri, which isn’t on this list at all – and for the Show Me State, that’s a good thing. In 2008, all five models projected a one-seat loss, and in fact, in 2007, all three models did as well. Now EDS thinks Missouri won’t lose any seats. Meanwhile, Washington state is brand-new to the list, gaining a tenth district acoss the board.

Polidata also has an analysis out. They only do one projection, based on the most recent year’s numbers, which matches EDS’s 2008-2009 projection in all respects. They also offer a list of which states barely hang on to their final seats and which states are oh-so-close to nabbing one more:

EDS has a similar chart with “last six/next six” on the final page of their PDF, with different iterations for each of their models. The bottom line is that right now, Missouri looks very lucky and Minnesota looks very unlucky. But given the small numbers involved and the fact that we’re dealing with estimates rather than actuals counts, I would not be surprised at all if things changed by the time we get final numbers in from the 2010 Census.

P.S. Check out Dave’s diary for some more discussion of these new studies.

Election Data Services posted their reapportionment projections yesterday…and there are some big surprises.

Polidata has a good summary

States gaining based upon July 1, 2009 estimates projected to April 1, 2010: AZ +1; FL +1; GA +1; NV +1; SC +1; TX +4; UT +1; WA +1.

States losing based upon July 1, 2009 estimates projected to April 1, 2010: IL (1); IA (1); LA (1); MA (1); MI (1); MN (1); NJ (1); NY (1); OH (2); PA (1).

Thus, changes in seats compared to the previous projections based upon 2008 estimates would be: AZ gains only 1 seat while MO stays even and OR stays even while WA gains 1 seat.

Check it out: Washington would gain a seat; Arizona only gains 1; Oregon doesn’t gain any.

This table is from the EDS PDF.

From the table you can see that Washington jumps to 432nd or 433rd in all the estimates. Also, Missouri, which had been projected to lose a seat would not lose any. Texas is still projected to gain 4 seats, but that 4th seat is much more tenuous.

2010 is going to be very interesting….

New York State now has partisan data in Daves Redistricting! Thanks to jeffmd for the ton of work he did to make this happen. Please read below the fold before trying this!

Jeffmd created all new shapefiles for New York voting districts. The population numbers are 2010 estimates (gleaned by Jeff from available data), so there’s no need to check “Use new population estimates.” And the partisan data (2008 presidential election) was put together by Jeff to match those districts.

To access this new data, you need to check the “Use Test Data” checkbox in the upper right corner of the app before selecting New York State. (Because the data format is different than I have been using, I’ve separated it into a separate directory on the server.)

Warning: the shapefiles file is very large (17MB). (Texas has the next largest at 7MB.) So it will take minutes to load — go get coffee.

As most of you know, NY will almost definitely lose 1 CD after 2010. I started trying to build a new plan (as I tested out the new data and software changes). Quite a challenge. You already have various minority majority districts in the NYC area (Black majority as well as Hispanic majority). Keeping those balanced correctly while shifting to accomodate 1 fewer district will be a challenge. (And interesting to see neighborhoods in Brooklyn where McCain kicked butt — those of you from the city understand this much better than an outsider like me.) Now, the Hispanic demographic is not broken down further, which could hinder your job. The Census Bureau does have this data and I may be able to make that change in the future, but for now, this is what we have.

Enjoy redistricting NY. Don’t stay up too late and jeopordize your job or marriage!

Update: I uploaded a new version of the app and I think you are going to like this!

(1) Fixed percentages so that they are calculated by rounding. This was simply my coding error.

(2) Made the sizes of the CD labels smaller for the smaller districts. Especially good for NYC.

(3) Made it so you can drag the new CD labels where you want them! Woohoo!

Last night I uploaded upgraded software that can handle partisan data. The state of Maryland is the first state (and only so far) to include that data. There are some caveats (below the fold). Also, keep checking here for ways you can help get more partisan data.

[Update: there was little glitch so partisan didn’t show up, but it should work now! Thanks!]

Daves Redistricting App

One other thing that’s new: all states where the Census Bureau has voting district shapes from 2000, except New York, now have voting districts (in addition to block groups for many) enabled in the application. (New York will be added soon with new voting districts [thanks Jeff!])

The big caveat:

The voting districts shapes and population data come from the 2000 census. Many states changed their voting districts between 2000 and 2008, so the 2008 presidential data does not match completely. For Maryland, for example, over 200 new voting districts were created during that time, so only 1600 of 1800 match the 2000 districts. The application lets you know when this happens and then simply ignores the new districts. This could be improved if someone is able to merge the new districts data back into the old districts.

I will be asking for help to pull together partisan data for the other states. Mostly this will involve putting the data into a particular form, where the districts are identified in a way that matching the district shapes. Keep checking here (next weekend) for information on that.

A few states, important ones for redistricting, did not give the Census Bureau voting district shapes. Those states are AZ, CA, FL, OH, OR and WI. The app still supports only block groups for those. How to get partisan data for those is a good question. it could be that someone can map voting district data into block groups, or produce voting district shapes. Ideas are welcome.

Enjoy!

[Update 10/13 3:41 PDT: the Hispanic data for California, Kentucky and Wisconsin was incorrect. I’ve now uploaded the correct data. Thanks to CalifornianInTexas and nico for noticing.]

Now in Daves Redistricting!

My time coming, any day, don’t worry about me, no

…

California, preaching on the burning shore

California, I’ll be knocking on the golden door

Like an angel, standing in a shaft of light

Rising up to paradise, I know, I’m gonna shine

I added the data for California to the server last night. I had to make a little modification to the code to handle the new format for block group data. Both these states use block groups because no shapefiles for voting districts were provided to the Census Bureau.

Warning: for California, the Assign Old CDs operation took 10 minutes on my desktop machine (3 year old dual core AMD chip, 2.2GHz chip speed, 2GB RAM, Windows XP — CPU bound operation). But it works!

I haven’t totally verified that everything is correct, but the population numbers look right and the assigned old CDs look reasonably close.

[Updated] All states with more than 1 CD are now supported. (OK and RI fixed!)

Enjoy!

(From the diaries – promoted by James L.)

David asked me to do a quick example of how I do my redistricting, so I decided to use a relatively ‘easy’ state, Wisconsin, since it has townships. In the same way I wouldn’t drive a car or ride a bike without brakes (yes, fixie riders, the laws of physics hate you too), I don’t want to redistrict without having both sets of information.

Before you start, take a look at the state, and try to think how much detail you’re going to want to go into. I usually do townships/municipalities when available, but sometimes precincts. For Wisconsin, I’m going shooting for 7-1, by making the 1st and 6th more Democratic. Wisconsin doesn’t have precinct-level census data, so we’ll have to stick with townships. I really do want to split the city of Milwaukee though, so we’re going to do some estimating in just a little bit.

So now, here’s a quick overview of the process ahead:

1. Collect political and population data

2. Aggregate data together into one spreadsheet

3. Prepare a GIS shapefile (we’ll get into that) for the precinct and precinct-equivalents we’re going to use.

4. Import data from the spreadsheet into shapefile

5. Redistrict!

Follow me over the flip…

You’ll also need a few things:

a) GIS software (I use MapWindow GIS)

b) Microsoft Excel

c) An image editor program, like MS Paint, Photoshop or GIMP

d) A database file (.dbf) editor (Excel 2003 works for this, Excel 07 does not)

Let’s get started with the data.

Political data for Wisconsin is rather easy to do, everything comes in a nice spreadsheet. (Get it here.).

With that in hand, let’s get the population data. This will take a bit of work. Luckily, we have American FactFinder. Scroll down to “Census 2000 Redistricting Data” and select custom table. Let’s get the data for municipalities, so click “geo within geo”, select county subdivision within a state. Add all the county subdivisions of Wisconsin, and then hit next. Choose race, and then total population. Nothing in Wisconsin is VRA protected, so we don’t have to worry about racial breakdown. Now you’ll get a table, which conveniently, you can download by going to print/download. Now you have two nice spreadsheets.

Now that we have two spreadsheets, we have to combine them. This process is pretty arduous, but if you sort everything alphabetically, just copy and paste the two together and run a spot check. Make sure you watch out for any jurisdictions starting with “St.” or “Mc” – the Census Bureau aggregates them as ‘Saint’ and ‘Mac’, something Excel won’t do for you. With the political data, we can get to map making!

So first, we need a map template. Luckily for us, the Census Bureau keeps those on hand in its TIGER/LINE database. Since we’re only using municipalities, we can just download one file, 2000 County Subdivision. Of course, a shapefile is actually several different files, we’ll concern ourselves with two: the .shp, the shapefile itself; and the .dbf, the attribute file that we’ll be editing.

In my maps, I like to have both some political data and population data. Since we’re not worried about racial composition, I only add two sets of data to the attribute file: the population, and the Obama-McCain margin. Population is straightforward, obviously. I calculate the Obama-McCain margin, round up to the nearest percent, and then add 100 (MapWindow doesn’t like negative numbers too much), so theoretically, margins will range between 0 and 200.

Now pop open your MapWindow GIS, and click “Attribute Table Editor”. Under Edit, select “Add Field”. Call the new attribute whatever you want (I’d suggest something intuitive, like “Population” or “08 Margin”, but that’s just me). They’re both integers, and width of 10 is fine. Make sure you do this step before opening your .dbf.

Close out of MapWindow and open your .dbf so we can add our new data. Now we’re tempted to sort by County FIPS and township name (NAMELSAD00), but don’t just yet! Shapefiles require that the attribute file keep the EXACT order of attributes in their original order, so make sure you create a new column of numbers so you can get them back into their original places. Add the population and political info (again minding your Macs and your Saints). There are also ghost shapes called “County subdivision not defined”, which unsurprisingly occurs in counties like Kenosha, Racine, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Sheboygan, etc… Just mind those as well so all our created data gets assigned to the right shapes. [Alternatively, you can also use the VLOOKUP function to match if so you’re so inclined and don’t want to worry about order.]

Finally, we can get to map making. I like to map a few maps before any gerrymandering actually happens: one with political data, and one blank “precinct” map that you can color in your image editor to keep track of what you’ve done so far. In the legend sidebar, right-click on the name of your shapefile, and select “Properties”. Here you can edit a whole bunch of stuff on how you want your shapefile to look, from fill color to line width to transparency. Here, we want to create a coloring scheme. Click on coloring scheme, and you’ll get a pop-up menu. For field, select your margin field. Then, hit the plus sign to add colors. You’ll have to choose your colors. Under the values field, you can pick the values for which MapWindow will apply that color. You can do ranges, like “0 – 100” (this is why we wanted to avoid negative numbers). I use a 7-color scale, which is 13 in total (6 Dem, 6 Rep, and 1 for an exact tie).

With that in hand, you can take screenshots of your maps using Edit->Copy->Map. For finer resolutions, I usually zoom in a bit, take multiple screenshots, and piece them together in an image editor. Now you can get to gerrymandering. To keep running totals of population and political data, in my Excel sheet, I create a column for “District”, and have a series of “SUMIF” statements. This way, as I assign precincts to a district, we get a running total. In states that have VRA protected districts, we can also track the racial composition of a district as we go along. Use your blank precinct map to keep track on a visual basis of what you’ve assigned. MapWindow is helpful here, as its “Identify” function can tell you the name of precincts you’re looking at. If you’re feeling efficient, you can select multiple precincts (holding CTRL), and viewing them all using the ‘Attribute Table Editor’. You can copy all the info out of the Attribute Table into Excel.

Now, all that work comes for the fun part: gerrymander away!

Once you’re done, you can make maps of your finished plan. You can use the precinct map you’ve been using to keep a running track, or we can go back into MapWindow. You can add a new attribute for “District” into the .dbf, as we did before. (Add field in MapWindow first, then use your .dbf editor. Again, make sure the shapes are in the exact order as you found them in.) You can then assign a new coloring scheme based on district number. There are plenty of things you can do at this point, like labeling county names using the County Shapefile, or labeling municipality names (I don’t recommend this, as this will clutter your screen beyond recognition). From here, the choices are endless.

Now, I did actually do a map of Wisconsin. I went a few steps further and divided the city of Milwaukee into precincts. Unfortunately, Census didn’t keep track of those, so I pieced together the city block by block, all 7,394 of them. I won’t go into detail on that, but my plan does split the city between two districts, much like the pre-2000 map.

I’ll cut the usual fluff I put here, since I made you read this far, haven’t I?

Here’s the new map:

And here’s an inset of Milwaukee County, with municipalities labeled.

District by district, we have:

District	Population	Obama	McCain	Obama%	McCain%
1	670,184	216,461	138,012	60.30%	38.45%
Kenosha	149,577	45,836	31,609	58.38%	40.26%
Milwaukee	305,170	109,975	56,748	65.12%	33.60%
Ozaukee	0,103	0,053	0,026	67.09%	32.91%
Racine	167,842	48,846	37,464	55.97%	42.93%
Walworth	47,492	11,751	12,165	48.48%	50.19%

As I said at the outset, I wanted to draw Paul Ryan out. Plus, keeping Kenosha and Racine attached to Janesville required going through Republican Walworth County, something that made gerrymandering quite difficult. Thus, the new 1st sheds Rock County and instead climbs further through Milwaukee, grabbing St. Francis, South Milwaukee, and Cudahy, through some lakefront precincts to downtown, up the East Side, through to the Democratic-leaning North Shore towns. Kenosha County remains in its entirety, while the nastier parts of northwest Racine County are stripped out and packed into the Republican 5th. Obama’s performance in this 45% Milwaukee, 25% Racine, and 22% Kenosha district is up to 60%, up 9%.

District	Population	Obama	McCain	Obama%	McCain%
2	670,284	274,235	133,998	66.36%	32.43%
Columbia	5,154	1,697	1,174	58.34%	40.36%
Dane	426,526	205,984	73,065	72.93%	25.87%
Dodge	54,056	13,367	13,699	48.77%	49.98%
Jefferson	74,021	21,448	21,096	49.80%	48.98%
Rock	64,260	19,313	11,644	61.52%	37.09%
Walworth	46,267	12,426	13,320	47.72%	51.15%

Gains have to come from somewhere, and Tammy Baldwin’s 2nd and Gwen Moore’s 4th are where the Democrats that are weakened somewhat to boost the 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 7th. However, this district is still centered on Dane County and Madison. Instead of looking south and north, this district looks east, taking in the entirety of Jefferson County and parts of Rock, Walworth, and Dodge County. Home to UW-M, UW-Whitewater, and Beloit College, this district featured Obama at 66.4%, a drop of 3%. 63.6% of this district’s residents still live in Dane County, so I’m not too concerned.

District	Population	Obama	McCain	Obama%	McCain%
3	670,351	214,972	151,028	57.89%	40.67%
Barron	44,963	12,078	10,457	52.89%	45.79%
Buffalo	13,804	3,949	2,923	56.45%	41.79%
Burnett	15,674	4,337	4,200	50.03%	48.45%
Crawford	17,243	4,987	2,830	62.70%	35.58%
Dunn	39,858	13,002	9,566	56.72%	41.73%
Grant	49,597	14,875	9,068	61.29%	37.36%
Green	33,647	11,502	6,730	62.23%	36.41%
Iowa	22,780	7,987	3,829	66.85%	32.05%
La Crosse	107,120	38,524	23,701	61.13%	37.61%
Lafayette	16,137	4,732	2,984	60.49%	38.14%
Pepin	7,213	2,102	1,616	55.74%	42.85%
Pierce	36,804	11,803	9,812	53.59%	44.55%
Polk	41,319	10,876	11,282	48.18%	49.98%
Richland	17,924	5,041	3,298	59.77%	39.10%
Rock	88,047	31,216	15,720	65.58%	33.02%
St. Croix	63,155	21,177	22,837	47.38%	51.09%
Trempealeau	27,010	8,321	4,808	62.59%	36.16%
Vernon	28,056	8,463	5,367	60.22%	38.19%

Ron Kind gets a small boost too, from the inclusion of half of Rock County in his district. Ron Kind sheds Eau Claire to boost the 7th, but picks up Green and Rock from Baldwin and Burnett and Polk from Obey. Kind’s base of La Crosse stays, as does plenty of the dairy country that Kind’s been representing for years. You’re indeed right that Paul Ryan’s house in Janesville gets put in here, but Kind is favored in a Kind-Ryan matchup in this 57.9% Obama district, up half a percent. Paul Ryan’s represented 9% of this district before. Ron Kind’s representing 67% of this district – I’ll let you decide.

District	Population	Obama	McCain	Obama%	McCain%
4	670,531	218,908	106,663	66.63%	32.47%
Milwaukee	634,994	209,844	92,697	68.75%	30.37%
Waukesha	35,537	9,064	13,966	38.91%	59.96%

As I’ve said, Gwen Moore bears the other brunt of redistricting. She keeps the western half on Milwaukee County – including the heart of Milwaukee and some suburbs, plus Menomonee Falls in Waukesha. Not to fear though, Obama still got 66.63% here, a drop of about 9%. Still, in this 95% Milwaukee, 5% Waukesha district, a Democrat has the clear advantage.

District	Population	Obama	McCain	Obama%	McCain%
5	670,746	152,723	260,690	36.57%	62.43%
Columbia	1,983	0,328	0,747	30.04%	68.41%
Dodge	31,841	5,816	9,316	37.93%	60.76%
Fond du Lac	40,923	9,025	13,722	39.17%	59.55%
Green Lake	19,105	4,000	5,393	42.01%	56.64%
Ozaukee	82,214	20,526	32,146	38.59%	60.44%
Racine	20,989	4,562	8,490	34.61%	64.40%
Sheboygan	25,362	4,897	9,913	32.61%	66.02%
Washington	117,493	25,719	47,729	34.63%	64.27%
Waukesha	325,230	76,275	131,186	36.45%	62.69%
Winnebago	5,606	1,575	2,048	42.92%	55.80%

Sensenbrenner gets a boost too, as all the Republican votes of the Milwaukee suburbs and the Fox Valley get packed here. The trifecta of Ozaukee, Washington, and Waukesha counties are brutal for any Democrat (let’s not forget that Bush had a margin coming out of Greater Milwaukee!). Meanwhile, the North Shore of Milwaukee is removed – those were Democratic votes thrown in for no good reason. Throw in the unpalatable parts of Sheboygan, Fond du Lac, and Dodge County, and you’ve got this 37% Obama district.

District	Population	Obama	McCain	Obama%	McCain%
6	670,599	195,883	157,909	54.60%	44.02%
Adams	18,643	5,806	3,974	58.36%	39.95%
Calumet	40,631	13,295	12,722	50.31%	48.15%
Columbia	45,331	14,636	10,272	58.09%	40.77%
Fond du Lac	56,373	14,438	14,442	49.47%	49.48%
Jackson	19,100	5,572	3,552	60.24%	38.40%
Juneau	24,316	6,186	5,148	53.80%	44.77%
Manitowoc	82,887	22,428	19,234	53.00%	45.45%
Marquette	15,832	4,068	3,654	51.92%	46.64%
Monroe	40,899	10,198	8,666	53.33%	45.32%
Sauk	55,225	18,617	11,562	60.92%	37.84%
Sheboygan	87,284	25,498	20,888	54.30%	44.48%
Waushara	23,154	5,868	5,770	49.64%	48.82%
Winnebago	151,157	46,592	35,898	55.65%	42.88%
Wood	9,767	2,681	2,127	54.81%	43.49%

The 6th would be the elusive seventh Democratic district in the state, and I had to reach for this one. There was potential in the old 6th, but just need to be developed further. As a result, instead of Republican leaning Dodge County, this district goes farther west and southwest, grabbing Columbia and parts of Baraboo from the 2nd, and some more counties from the 3rd. It sheds the southern half (read: Republican half) of Sheboygan, all of Fond du Lac outside of a few towns and Fond du Lac proper, and Green Lake County. What we get is a district that Obama got 54.6% in, winning each county part except Fond du Lac, which he lost by 4 votes. This district won’t necessarily elect a Democrat – the Fox Valley isn’t exactly a Democratic stronghold, but it’s certainly more likely this way.

District	Population	Obama	McCain	Obama%	McCain%
7	670,602	207,247	150,865	56.98%	41.48%
Ashland	16,866	5,818	2,634	68.01%	30.79%
Bayfield	15,013	5,972	3,365	63.22%	35.62%
Chippewa	55,195	16,239	13,492	53.82%	44.72%
Clark	33,557	7,454	6,383	52.76%	45.18%
Douglas	43,287	15,830	7,835	65.93%	32.63%
Eau Claire	93,142	33,146	20,959	60.38%	38.18%
Iron	6,861	1,914	1,464	55.83%	42.71%
Langlade	20,740	5,182	5,081	49.92%	48.95%
Lincoln	29,641	8,424	6,519	55.40%	42.87%
Marathon	125,834	36,367	30,345	53.65%	44.77%
Oneida	12,802	4,029	3,913	50.07%	48.63%
Portage	67,182	24,817	13,810	63.15%	35.14%
Price	15,822	4,559	3,461	55.76%	42.33%
Rusk	15,347	3,855	3,253	53.14%	44.84%
Sawyer	16,196	4,765	4,199	52.52%	46.29%
Taylor	19,680	4,563	4,586	48.94%	49.19%
Vilas	1,613	0,591	0,809	41.68%	57.05%
Washburn	16,036	4,693	4,303	51.56%	47.28%
Wood	65,788	19,029	14,454	55.89%	42.45%

Obey’s district gets a boost too. Dave doesn’t really need the help, but should he retire, nothing should be up to chance. Not too much changes – 81% of the district is a carryover from the current 7th, but the Minneapolis exurbs are shed in exchange for Eau Claire. Obama got 57% here, an improvement of 1%.

District	Population	Obama	McCain	Obama%	McCain%
8	670,378	196,782	163,228	53.95%	44.75%
Brown	226,778	67,269	55,854	54.02%	44.85%
Door	27,961	10,142	7,112	58.14%	40.77%
Florence	5,088	1,134	1,512	42.33%	56.44%
Forest	10,024	2,673	1,963	57.13%	41.95%
Kewaunee	20,187	5,902	4,711	54.81%	43.75%
Marinette	43,384	11,195	9,726	52.77%	45.84%
Menominee	4,562	1,257	0,185	86.81%	12.78%
Oconto	35,634	9,927	8,755	52.42%	46.23%
Oneida	23,974	7,878	5,717	57.00%	41.36%
Outagamie	160,971	50,294	39,677	55.04%	43.42%
Shawano	40,664	10,259	9,538	51.14%	47.55%
Vilas	19,420	5,900	6,246	47.97%	50.78%
Waupaca	51,731	12,952	12,232	50.85%	48.02%

Lastly, we have the 8th, centered still on Green Bay and Appleton. Intentionally, I didn’t tweak too much since Steve Kagen seems to be getting slowly entrenched. 96.5% of the district is the same as the old 8th, including Kagen’s base in Outagamie County. With some rearranging of precincts in Oneida and Vilas counties moves the balance 0.4% to the left, to 53.9% Obama.

(From the diaries – promoted by DavidNYC)

This redistricting map has really been a long time coming, but trying to match up the 36,000 census blocks of NYC and the 20,000 blocks of Nassau County (among many, many others) with a precinct and creating a consolidated population-political data file tends to take a while. But unquestionably, I also think this is my best map yet. I used 2008 population estimates by city/town, projected forward to 2010. I also worked painstakingly hard for population equality, which I think is evident in that the total deviation for all 28 districts is 86, or 0.012% of a single district.

At a whopping 26-3, our NY delegation is already pretty maxed out. With the loss of a district in 2010, there’s a good opportunity to consolidate and create what could possibly be a 27-1 delegation. I chose to do this by eliminating John McHugh’s district and then employing some old-fashioned cracking of Nassau County to defeat Peter King. Side goals included strengthening Massa, Arcuri, Murphy, Hall, and McMahon, while preserving VRA districts for Meeks, Towns, Clarke, Velazquez, Rangel, and Serrano.

My district maps later. First, some eye candy:

I’m sure there’s enough in these maps to make for its own diary, but that’s for another time….

(Sidenote: Yes, I am sending my dataset to Dave and David, so hopefully this can be incorporated into DRA. I do have a ‘tutorial’ on how I do my redistricting where I used Wisconsin as an example that I will hopefully post shortly.)

Now, here’s my map:

Starting upstate:

As is the case with a lot of my districts, I took some inspiration from the districts of yesteryear (or… 1993-2003). This would still be Louise Slaughter’s district, recentered around Monroe County (with an arm to grab Geneseo out of Livingston County). The percentage drop seems daunting at first (down from 68.47%), and there’s not a good reason for Buffalo and Rochester to be packed into the same district. Anyways, Slaughter is familiar with the area and would be solid for any Rochester Democrat should Slaughter choose to retire.

I think a lot of times, we overestimate the Democratic strength of Brian Higgins’ district – he was only elected in 2004, and Obama only scored 54.19% here. I’ll admit, I shuffled around this district quite a bit, with it going from Buffalo north instead of south. We add all of Niagara and Orleans Counties, with a sliver of Monroe for population balancing, but we do retain all of Buffalo’s South District, which Higgins represented in the Buffalo Common Council before getting elected to Congress. From this we get slightly more than a 3% boost to 57.52%; this should be safe for a long time to come.

Granted, I shifted around Massa’s district quite a bit too, with it now going to Buffalo instead of Rochester. I did this in the interest of centering the 28th in Monroe County and leaving room for the sprawling 23rd. However, I think it retains its Southern Tier character (roughly 40%). The nastier bits of Steuben and Allegany counties are carved out. The Democratic boost from the remaining parts of Buffalo doesn’t hurt either, leaving this district 5 points better at 53.52%.

This district doesn’t substantially differ from Maffei’s current version, though I do take out a chunk of southern Onondaga county to make room for the 24th to pass through. Since we’re dismantling the current 23rd, the section of Oswego County begins to pick up some of the pieces. Still centered on Syracuse and DeWitt, this district has a marginal improvement of 0.2%, leaving it still a touch short of 56% Obama.

Tompkins County saved Arcuri from defeat in 2008, and this district helps on that front. It now incorporates all of Tompkins. Arcuri’s base in Utica remains as well, though the rest of Oneida County is surprisingly hostile to Democrats. Eastern Oswego and western Jefferson Counties are added, again to compensate for the elimination of the current 23rd. Overall, this district improves modestly to 52.08% from 50.33%. Obama only narrowly lost the district outside of Tompkins, but Ithaca is really what anchors the district.

I’ll be the first to say it, this district is pretty disgustingly drawn. Communities of interest went flying out the window – the only thing the parts of this district have in common are their Republican political dispositions. We go from the Buffalo suburbs (Clarence, Lancaster), across Western New York and the Southern Tier to near Binghamton, through to the Capital District (Schenectady, Saratoga) and also north to the Adirondacks and even parts of Rome. The 24th and its misshapen bird form was bad, but I really challenge you to tell me what the 23rd looks like.

With Ithaca out of the picture shoring up the 24th, and with the 23rd cutting off any access route, I had to scrounge for Democratic votes to keep Hinchey at a comparable level. We get a vaguely frog-like district (facing east), in my opinion. One leg is for Binghamton, another for the less-Republican areas not in the 23rd and for population balance. Retained is Hinchey’s base in Ulster and Sullivan counties, with arms for Newburgh and Middletown in Orange County. Also of note is the string along the Hudson in Dutchess County, from Red Hook through Poughkeepsie down to Beacon. The lack of Ithaca still shows, but with some effort, there’s only a 0.7% drop.

With problematic Schoharie County out of the way, Tonko’s 21st can look to some greener (bluer?) pastures. Mostly, this is just some housekeeping down in Otsego, Delaware, and Greene counties. Tonko’s residence in Amsterdam stays in, as well as the entirety of Albany County, and Rensselaer and Troy. The net is a very marginal (less than 0.1%) improvement.

You look at this district and you ask, can this really be called Scott Murphy’s and not Dede Scozzafava’s district? I say yes for two reasons. First, Murphy lives in the northern part of the current 20th, which is also included here. Second, slightly more than half the population is from the current 20th, including Saratoga Springs. Tedisco did quite well in Saratoga, but the more Republican parts are stripped out for the 23rd. For our efforts, we’re rewarded with a 2.5% boost to 53.2% from 50.7%.

We’re getting into Westchester now, so I’m guessing you’ll want a more detailed map:

John Hall’s district also gets quite the makeover. However, it retains Hall’s residence in Dover Plains and most of Dutchess County, as well as the Democratic-leaning parts of Putnam and Cortlandt/Peekskill in Westchester. There’s also an arm into Rockland, nabbing the heavily Democratic parts of Ramapo town. Notable removals include the heavily Republican towns of Monroe in Orange County (including Kiryas Joel village) and Carmel in Putnam County. In order to accomodate the 22nd, the 19th doesn’t get as much of a boost, only to 52.3%, up 1.6%.

To help Hall, Nita Lowey’s district picks up the eastern half of Putnam County. With Hall’s district shifted northward, most of Westchester gets put here, all the way from Somers to White Plains to New Rochelle and the Bronx line, with a nice arm into Yonkers to hold the Democratic percentage up. There’s still a 2.5% drop though, thanks to Carmel. Not that Lowey has to worry.

Finally, we’ve broken the city barrier. But first, the district takes in a lot of Rockland and Orange counties that didn’t get lumped into the 19th. There are some pretty Republican (or at least anti-Obama) pockets in the towns of Monroe and Ramapo – most likely owing to the Orthodox Jewish communities in Kiryas Joel, Monsey, and Viola. I do think there’s a good chance they’d vote for Engel, though. In Westchester, I kept the riverside villages of Hastings-on-Hudson, Dobbs Ferry, and Irvington whole (though the district still jumps the Tappan Zee). Yonkers and Mount Vernon are still here, as well as Wakefield and Woodlawn in the Bronx. Engel still lives here, though the district is less Bronx-centric (and yes, 10% less Democratic at 62.0%) than before.

Now that we’re in the city, here’s a map of the city districts.

She’s still Jenny from the Block, and this is pretty much the old 16th district centered on SoBro the South Bronx. More than 95% of the new and old 16ths overlap, and the result shows at 95% Obama. From Mott Haven through to Fordham, this district remains heavily Hispanic at 63.04%.

I’m not sure when the tradition of putting Rikers into the 15th was started, but it’s been that way since at least 1993, and I’ve kept it that way. Again, the vast majority of the district is the same, from Inwood to Washington Heights to Harlem, Spanish Harlem, and Morningside Heights. I tried for clean lines in the city: the border with the 14th remains straight on 96th street. The west side is a bit harder for population balancing. Still ridonkulously Democratic, giving the 16th a run for its money. (Note how Obama got 97.26% in the 70th Assembly District. That’s… almost Detroit-level.) Still plurality-Hispanic.

Again, not much different here either. Maloney keeps all of Central Park and the East Side of Manhattan through to Houston Street. Again, I tried for clean lines, with Central Park West/8th Ave., then 7th Ave. (with a bump-out in Midtown to balance population). On the Queens side, still essentially the same areas of Astoria and Ravenswood, though Long Island City/Hunters Point is shifted to the 12th. Again no news here, just a slight bump up from 78.2%.

McMahon keeps his Staten Island-centric district. I tried to make the Brooklyn parts as Democratic as possible, losing Dyker Heights, Bensonhurst, and Gravesend in favor of Democratic Coney Island. A 2.4% boost to 51.2% results, though I don’t think McMahon was really in any danger.

Really, nothing new here either, except we’ve shifted it from plurality to majority Hispanic. Same neighborhoods, from Sunset Park to Red Hook, Loisaida, Greenpoint, and Bushwick. A notable shift is that Chinatown is removed and Williamsburg is added, dropping Obama’s performance by 1% (to a still-astronomical 85%).

Not much new here either, still a central-Brooklyn based district for Yvette Clarke centered in Flatbush, Prospect Park, Park Slope, and Crown Heights. The district does move farther south into Ocean Parkway though, mostly to relieve stress on the 9th. Still majority-Black, though the southward shift lowers the Democratic percentage by 2 points.

Same story for Ed Towns, with an arcing district from Brooklyn Heights to Bed-Stuy, East New York, and south to Canarsie. Again a slight southward expansion to boost the 9th. Still majority Black, a slight drop to 88% Obama (oh the humanity).

Weiner was never in any danger, really, but it was just odd to have an only 55% Obama district in the city. (IMO, Staten Island doesn’t count.) The district becomes more Queens-centric, while retaining Weiner’s home in Forest Hills, as well as taking in Middle Village, Maspeth, Kew Gardens, parts of Ridgewood, and Ozone Park. Same deal in Brooklyn, keeping Gerritsen, Sheepshead Bay, and Brighton Beach. It does lose parts of Ocean Parkway and Borough Park, picking up slightly-less Republican Gravesend. The boost helps, bringing this to 59% Obama, up roughly 5%.

Nadler’s district, again, is mostly unchanged. Upper West Side, Chelsea, Greenwich Village, TriBeCa, SoHo, the FiDi, etc stay in the Manhattan parts. In Brooklyn, there’s Borough Park and Dyker Heights. Obama only scored 38% in the Brooklyn section. This is countered by the 84.8% Manhattan section, averaging out to 73.9% Obama (+0.2%).

Most of the creative districting in the city came in Queens, I think, and the 7th is a good example. The Bronx portion doesn’t change too much, except it stretches to the Hudson now that the 17th is more suburban. Otherwise, Co-op City, Pelham Bay, Soundview, and Parkchester stay in, jumping Long Island Sound at Throgs Neck. It takes in more suburban areas of Queens than before, including Whitestone and Beechhurst. Crowley does live in Woodside, but there’s an arm for that.

Gregory Meeks’ district gets quite the change as well, and becomes the first of three Nassau-Queens hybrid districts. The district remains centered on East Queens, though, from Jamaica and Ozone Park east to the Nassau line. In Nassau, we try to grab the most Republican parts in southwestern Hempstead, including Woodmere and Lawrence. Also of note is the shift of the entire Rockaway Peninsula (the western part of which is quite Republican) to the district. Broad Channel is also no longer split in two. Amazingly, the district is still majority-Black (just barely at 50.16% non-Hispanic-or-Latino Black). The Nassau parts do bring down the Democratic percentage 9.5% to 79.5%.

This district is pretty hideous, too. With a lot of suburban Queens in the 7th, the 5th can pick up more of the more-Democratic inner neighborhoods of Queens. So, we get a district that stretches from Elmhurst and Jackson Heights to Huntington. Again, harking back to the olden days, the district grabs out some choice precincts in Suffolk County, relieving pressure on the 1st and 2nd. In Nassau, it keeps Great Neck and Port Washington, but also adds Old Westbury, Syosset, and Glen Cove. In Suffolk, we avoid Huntington (the hamlet), since Steve Israel lives there, but we do get Cold Spring Harbor and Fort Salonga, all the way to the Huntingtown-Smithtown line. All this results in a 2% drop to 61.2% Obama, buoyed by the 74% Democratic section of Queens. Regardless, Ackerman will be fine.

Here’s the third of the Queens-Nassau districts. The current 4th gets its Democratic strength from Uniondale and Hempstead, but those would fit well in a newly Democratic 3rd district. Thus, two prongs into Queens, one into Briarwood and one into Flushing, which meet in Briarwood. In Nassau, this district includes closer-in Democratic areas like Elmont and Valley Stream balanced by swing areas like Mineola and extremely Republican Garden City. In total, the Queens section again anchors the district, leaving it at 58.2% Democratic, up 0.2%.

My favorite district, really. You might look at the map and say… is that really an improvement? Yes, Massapequa, Bethpage, and Levittown are still here, as Amityville, Copaigue, and West Islip. However, in picking up Uniondale, Hempstead, and Freeport in the Town of Hempstead, and parts of Syosset, Jericho, and Plainview, the Democratic performance improves quite a bit. It would have been higher had I not included the South Shore in Suffolk County and instead grabbed Plainview, but I wanted to hold the 2nd constant. All in all, up 6.6% to 54.0% Democratic. Perfect for someone like Dave Mejias who can keep the margins in Massapequa down.

Steve Israel’s district is mostly unchanged, still centered on the towns of Huntington, Islip, and Babylon, including Melville, Dix Hills, and Ronkonkoma. It also takes in a small section of Nassau (parts of Woodbury, Plainview, and Old Bethpage), keeping the Democratic performance up. Instead of Republican Smithtown, the district takes out Patchogue, Holtsville, and Farmingville from the town of Crookhaven. Democratic performance is essentially unchanged from 56.13%.

Lastly, we arrive at the 1st district, again, mostly unchanged. It contains the Hamptons, Southold, Riverhead, all of Smithtown, and most of Brookhaven. Obama’s performance is up just a tad to 51.52%.

And there we have it, my 27-1 plan for New York. Comments and questions (and witty remarks!) welcome, as always. (That tutorial is coming up, I promise!)

I’ve just uploaded a change that allows the application to use voting districts in addition to block groups, as the building blocks for drawing redistricting maps. This is a step toward getting partison data (specifically the 2008 presidential vote) into the app, because voting district partisan data is available for many states. That will require a bit more work, but will be coming soon.

I’ve added 6 new states, all using voting districts: Alabama, Colorado, Illinois, Maryland, Mississippi and Virginia. I added voting districts to the existing state Georgia, so it supports both. If you have saved DRFs, you’ll need to keep using block groups on those files.

Check it out at Daves Redistricting. Enjoy.