IA-03: Boswell’s 1996 opponent considering rematch

Former Iowa GOP chairman Mike Mahaffey told CQ Politics that he is thinking about running against Representative Leonard Boswell in Iowa’s third Congressional district next year. (Hat tip to WHO-TV’s Dave Price.) Boswell barely defeated Mahaffey in his first bid for Congress in 1996.

CQ Politics highlights a big obstacle for Mahaffey if he runs:

A Boswell-Mahaffey rematch after a 14-year hiatus would also take place on quite different turf from their first race. The 3rd District in 1996 was located mainly in southern Iowa and was heavily rural; Boswell was aided in that race by the fact that he had spent his life outside of politics in farming. But redistricting, performed in a non-partisan procedure in Iowa, move the district’s boundaries north and east to take in the state capital of Des Moines, to which Boswell relocated from his rural hometown.

It will take a lot to convince me that Mahaffey, a small-town lawyer and part-time Poweshiek County attorney, poses a serious threat to Boswell in a district dominated by Polk County. So far IA-03 doesn’t seem to be on anyone’s list of competitive U.S. House districts, even though the DCCC still has Boswell in the Frontline program.

What if Iowa had politicized redistricting?

Iowa is among the small number of states that use a bipartisan (or nonpartisan) commission to perform redistricting every 10 years. The resulting maps are often very competitive and fair when compared with those of many other states.

However, I started thinking anout what would happen if, hypothetically, the party in charge of the legislature controlled redistricting rather than the commission. What would such a map look like? How would the current incumbents be affected?

The map the I created was designed to help Democrats because currently the legislature is under Democratic control and the governor is a Democrat. In this hypothetical scenario, Republicans cannot block the plan through filibusters or avoiding a quorum. Also, since Iowa is set to lose one of its districts after the 2010 census, my plan uses four districts rather than the five that currently exist.

My main goals were to:

-Maintain Democratic advantages in eastern Iowa

-Protect Leonard Boswell

-Dismantle Tom Latham’s district and force him to run against Steve King

Here is the current map:

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And here is the map that I ended up creating:

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Here is some information about this new districts:

1st District (Blue)

Obama-55.21%

McCain-44.79%

Major Cities: Davenport. Dubuque, Waterloo

The new 1st district has all but two of the counties of the current 1st (Jones and Fayette). It picks up all of the counties along the Minnesota border, as well as a number of adjacent counties (basically the northern bits of Latham and King’s districts). It is still considerably Democratic, although less so than before. However, the district is still largely centered in Democratic-leaning northeastern Iowa, so it should elect Bruce Braley or another Democrat easily enough.

2nd District (Red)

Obama-58.89%

McCain-41.11%

Major Cities: Cedar Rapids, Iowa City, Burlington

This district keeps all of the counties currently located in Dave Loebsack’s southeastern district, and it gains Jones County from the 1st, as well as a few Republican counties from Steve King’s 5th district (Decatur, Ringgold, and Taylor). It also picks up 6 of the 12 counties in Leonard Boswell’s 3rd district (5 of those 6 counties went for McCain, so this takes some of the pressure off of Boswell). The result is a very Democratic district in southeastern Iowa that is now able to dilute Republican influence from some of the neighboring districts. Loebsack or another Democrat would have no trouble getting reelected here.

3rd District (Purple)

Obama-60.03%

McCain-39.97%

Major Cities: Carroll, Des Moines, Fort Dodge

This district retains roughly half of the counties in Leonard Boswell’s 3rd district, but also picks up Democratic counties from the 4th and 5th districts. Over half of the population in the district lives in Polk County (Des Moines). My main goal was to protect Leonard Boswell since he seems to have frequent trouble in his current district. He would be more than safe here; this district went for Obama by over 20 points, making it the most Democratic district in Iowa. If Tom Latham wanted to run against Boswell, he would first have to move to the 3rd (his Ames home is located outside of the district), and even then he would have a difficult race given the new nature of the district. Steve King’s home in Crawford County has also been moved into this district, but it would be hopeless for him to run here, given his ultraconservative profile. This district would favor most any Democrat.

4th District (Green)

Obama-50.46%

McCain-49.54%

Major Cities: Ames, Council Bluffs, Sioux City, Storm Lake

At first, I thought it would be impossible to put western Iowa into a Democratic district, but it was indeed possible. Obama only won this district by about 1%, but making it much more Democratic would have put Braley or Boswell in danger. The 4th keeps most of its current western base, but loses several western counties to the other 3 districts (including Crawford County, where Steve King lives). It gains many of the counties in Tom Latham’s current 4th district, including Dallas and Story (where Latham lives) and Fayette County (located in the current 1st dstrict). This district has much of Latham’s former territory, so he would have the best chance of winning in this district. But first he would probably have to face Steve King in a Republican primary. If the primary was divisive enough, or if King was the GOP nominee, this marginally Democratic district could be won by a moderate-to-conservative Democrat.

So while none of this will probably ever happen, I thought that it would be interesting to examine a hypothetical scenario.  So what do you all think? Comments, suggestions, ideas?

IA-03: Boswell does not belong in the Frontline program

Yesterday Taniel at the Campaign Diaries blog posted about 68 Democratic-held U.S. House seats that could potentially be competitive in 2010. Iowa’s third Congressional district is not on that list.

IA-03 did not make Stuart Rothenberg’s list of competitive House seats for 2010 either.

The National Republican Congressional Committee released a list of 51 targeted Democratic-held House districts in January. Lo and behold, IA-03 is not on that list either.  

I realize that Boswell only won the district with 56.3 percent of the vote in 2008, but I don’t hear any chatter from Iowa Republicans about recruiting a candidate to run against him. The focus is on the governor’s race and the Iowa House.

I bring this up because the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee has kept Boswell on its list of “Frontline Democrats” for 2010. John Deeth recently noticed that Boswell is “by far the senior member” of the 41 Frontline candidates. Almost all of them were first elected to Congress in 2006 or 2008. The others with more terms under their belt represent districts significantly more conservative than IA-03 with its partisan voter index of D+1.

For Deeth, this is yet another sign that IA-03 deserves better than Boswell. I view it as a sign that the DCCC is wrong. Boswell definitely needed to be in the Frontline program the first five times he ran for re-election, but he was a safe six-term incumbent in 2008, and there’s no reason to believe he won’t be a safe seven-term incumbent in 2010.

According to the Iowa Secretary of State’s office, Iowa’s third district had about 433,000 registered voters as of May 1, 2009. Of those, about 399,000 were “active voters.” More than 156,000 of the active voters in IA-03 are registered Democrats. Only about 118,000 are registered Republicans, and about 124,000 are registered no-party voters.

Why should you care if the DCCC erroneously classifies Boswell as vulnerable? Frontline Democrats are exempt from paying DCCC dues, which are used to support Democrats in competitive races across the country.

Look, I would still prefer to elect a new Democrat to IA-03 in order to avoid a potential matchup of Boswell and Tom Latham in 2012. But since Boswell has no plans to retire, let him pay his DCCC dues just like every other House incumbent whose seat is not threatened next year.  

On a related note, Deeth recently cited Progressive Punch lifetime ratings as an argument for replacing Boswell. It’s worth noting that Boswell’s voting record in the current Congress is much better than his lifetime Progressive Punch score suggests. (For instance, he was not among the Blue Dogs who voted against President Barack Obama’s budget blueprint.) Yes, IA-03 should be represented by a more progressive Democrat than Boswell, but I’m cutting him slack as long as he’s not casting egregious votes in the current Congress.  

I see no reason to keep him in the Frontline program, though. We will genuinely be playing defense in dozens of House districts next year. Until there is some sign that Republicans are making a serious play for IA-03, Boswell should pay his DCCC dues.

PVI/Vote Index for 2008

One year ago I tried out an experiment where I plotted US Representatives’ voting records against the presidential lean of their districts, in an effort to identify what representatives were not the most liberal or conservative, but who most overperformed or underperformed their districts. After some hemming and hawing, it was called the PVI/Vote Index. The point of the exercise was to give some clarity and focus to one of the most frequently heard refrains of the liberal blogosphere: “We’re going to primary that ratfink so-and-so,” usually delivered without much consideration as to what kind of candidate that district might actually support.

It’s time to revisit the topic, partly because another year has gone by, and aggregators have released another year’s worth of data, letting us look at the 110th Congress as a whole (instead of just 2007). Also, with the creation of the blogger/labor Accountability Now PAC for purposes of nudging (or primarying) recalcitrant Dems, with Progressive Punch adding a similar function to their website, and with even the Cook Political Report (subscription req’d) tipping a toe into this type of analysis, it seems like other people are starting to zero in on who is and isn’t a good fit for his or her district.

As before, the Index is based on a pretty simple idea: rank every district from 1 to 435 in terms of how Democratic its presidential voting record is, rank every representative from 1 to 435 in terms of how liberal his or her voting record is, and find the difference, with a larger difference in one direction or the other meaning that representative is overperforming or underperforming the district’s lean. (There are a host of methodological issues that go along with this assumption, and I’ll discuss some of them over the fold. In the meantime, let’s get right to the numbers.)

Let’s start with Democrats who are underperforming their districts (in other words, Democrats whose voting records are less liberal than their district composition would ordinarily support):

Rep. District PVI PVI rank DW/N Liberal rank Difference
A. Davis AL-07 D+17 65 – 0.286 183.5 – 118.5
Meeks NY-06 D+38 6 – 0.397 122 – 116
Meek FL-17 D+35 11 – 0.390 126 – 115
Jefferson LA-02 D+28 28 – 0.371 139 – 111
Doyle PA-14 D+22 42 – 0.363 142 – 100
Engel NY-17 D+21 45 – 0.378 137 – 92
Brady PA-01 D+36 9.5 – 0.439 96 – 86.5
Sires NJ-13 D+23 39 – 0.398 121 – 82
Berman CA-28 D+25 35.5 – 0.406 117.5 – 82
Fattah PA-02 D+39 5 – 0.454 84.5 – 79.5
D. Scott GA-13 D+10 112 – 0.257 191 – 79
Moran VA-08 D+14 81 – 0.345 152.5 – 71.5
Crowley NY-07 D+28 29 – 0.431 100 – 71
Rush IL-01 D+35 12 – 0.455 83 – 71
Lipinski IL-03 D+10 106.5 – 0.312 174 – 67.5
Reyes TX-16 D+9 117.5 – 0.286 183.5 – 66
Towns NY-10 D+41 3 – 0.492 69 – 66
Harman CA-36 D+11 103.5 – 0.319 169 – 65.5
Rangel NY-15 D+43 2 – 0.493 67 -65
Cooper TN-05 D+6 144.5 – 0.211 208.5 – 64

Three of the top four underperformers here were also in the top four last year: Artur Davis, Kendrick Meek, and Bill Jefferson, which indicates that the pattern is pretty consistent. (The fourth, Greg Meeks, not coincidentally the only African-American member of the New Dems besides Davis and Meek, replaces Charlie Rangel.)

Notice something else interesting? We don’t have to primary any of those three! Jefferson learned the hard way that the future is Cao, while Davis and Meek are doing us a solid by opening up their seats to run for higher office. (And if they somehow win, they’ll immediately switch from goats to heroes in my book, since if they stay consistent policy-wise, they’ll suddenly be vastly overperforming the lean of their states as a whole.)

But it does shine a spotlight on the open primaries in AL-07, FL-17, and LA-02. These primaries should be absolute top priority for blogosphere action: these are districts that can support progressives, not just centrists, and we have basically free shots at electing Better Democrats here. (These mostly-African-American districts may be a little outside the familiarity zone of the mostly-white blogosphere, but remember that one of our signature achievements is knocking off Al Wynn in MD-04, which is what can happen when the netroots and the local grassroots actually work in concert.)

As with last year, the list is heavy on Congressional Black Caucus members, some of whom are also Progressive Caucus members. The latter may not be terribly fruitful targets (although, again, the primaries will be very important once they retire), who are being penalized a bit unfairly for living in some of the nation’s most Democratic districts. They’d need to be in McDermott/Kucinich/Lee territory to be truly apt ‘fits’ for their districts.

Some better targets might be a little further down the list, including frequent netroots foils like Dan Lipinski and the newly-vulnerable Jane Harman. To my eye, one of the juiciest targets is Jim Cooper, about the only representative in a district with a solidly Dem PVI who’s not just voting poorly around the margins but on some of the important stuff as well (like the stimulus). Pressure on Cooper is particularly important as the focus turns to health care, as his singular influence in the health care arena gives him unique power to obstruct progessive health care policy.

Now let’s turn to the good news: the Democrats who are most overperforming their districts, and who are most deserving of our praise (or in the case of the bluest Dogs, our tolerance). As with last year, it’s a mix of flat-out progressives in swing or light-blue districts, and Blue Doggish types who are entrenched in deep-red districts that would likely flip without them (or, in the sad cases of Lampson and Boyda, Blue Doggish types who failed to get entrenched):

Rep. District PVI PVI rank DW/N Liberal rank Difference
C. Edwards TX-17 R+18 417 – 0.240 196 221
G. Taylor MS-04 R+16 404.5 – 0.248 193 211.5
Matheson UT-02 R+17 408 – 0.154 222 186
Pomeroy ND-AL R+13 379 – 0.245 194 185
DeFazio OR-04 D+0 200 – 0.602 27 173
Lampson TX-22 R+15 390 – 0.038 234 156
Doggett TX-25 D+1 187.5 – 0.533 49 138.5
Herseth SD-AL R+10 337 – 0.234 199 138
Skelton MO-04 R+11 347 – 0.203 212 135
Hinchey NY-22 D+6 147 – 0.685 13 134
Stupak MI-01 R+2 228.5 – 0.436 97 131.5
Filner CA-51 D+7 137 – 0.723 9.5 127.5
Oberstar MN-08 D+4 160 – 0.570 36 124
Kucinich OH-10 D+8 125 – 0.791 3 122
Spratt SC-05 R+6 283.5 – 0.325 165 118.5
Obey WI-07 D+2 185 – 0.486 72 113
Chandler KY-06 R+7 300.5 – 0.256 192 108.5
Rodriguez TX-23 R+4 254.5 – 0.348 150 104.5
Boyda KS-02 R+7 308 – 0.218 206 102
Boucher VA-09 R+7 303 – 0.232 201 102

One advantage of the PVI/Vote Index is that, at the same time as shining a light on Democrats who are lagging their districts, it also illuminates right-wing Republicans camped out in moderate districts, who should theoretically be vulnerable a good Democratic challenger because of their poor fit with their districts. If there’s any doubt, check out which of these nutjobs who’ve overperformed their districts got defeated in 2008, and how many more got a serious scare.

Rep. District PVI PVI rank DW/N Liberal rank Difference
Ryan WI-01 R+2 224 0.690 397 – 173
Feeney FL-24 R+3 241 0.744 409 – 168
Chabot OH-01 R+1 205.5 0.626 372 – 166.5
Garrett NJ-05 R+4 261 0.771 417 – 156
Shadegg AZ-03 R+6 288.5 0.903 429 – 140.5
Rohrabacher CA-46 R+6 291 0.826 424.5 – 133.5
Kline MN-02 R+3 233.5 0.616 365 – 131.5
Bilbray CA-50 R+5 264 0.684 394 – 130
Fossella NY-13 D+1 191 0.507 317 – 126
Walberg MI-07 R+3 230.5 0.589 356.5 – 126
Weldon FL-15 R+4 251.5 0.622 367.5 – 116
Campbell CA-48 R+8 311 0.826 424.5 – 113.5
Bachmann MN-06 R+5 273.5 0.663 385.5 – 112
Manzullo IL-16 R+5 263 0.630 374 – 111
Franks AZ-02 R+9 322 0.910 431 – 109
Tiberi OH-12 R+1 210 0.508 318 – 108
Royce CA-40 R+8 315 0.794 421 – 106
Roskam IL-06 R+3 236.5 0.552 341 – 104.5
Mica FL-07 R+4 251.5 0.583 355 – 103.5
Castle DE-AL D+7 142 0.291 245 – 103

Finally, one last table: the Republicans who are “underperforming” their very conservative districts. While there are a few moderates here (like the primaried-out Wayne Gilchrest), mostly it’s semi-sane conservatives in some of the darkest-red districts in the nation. I’m keeping this list to 10, as either way, there’s not much we can do about these guys, other than sit back and watch as the Club for Growth goes after them with chainsaws. (Note that Jerry Moran, who’s vacating his seat to run for Senate, is one of them. His moderation, relatively speaking, may be an asset for him when running statewide.)

Rep. District PVI PVI rank DW/N Liberal rank Difference
W. Jones NC-03 R+15 395 0.279 242 153
Simpson ID-02 R+19 421 0.397 271 150
Moran KS-01 R+20 427 0.442 286 141
Platts PA-19 R+12 366 0.327 255.5 110.5
D. Young AK-AL R+14 387 0.420 278.5 108.5
Lucas OK-03 R+18 414 0.493 310 104
Crenshaw FL-04 R+16 407 0.489 308 99
Bachus AL-06 R+25 433 0.538 335.5 97.5
Gilchrest MD-01 R+10 335 0.254 238 97
Aderholt AL-04 R+16 399 0.476 303 96

Much more discussion of the methodology and what this all may mean, over the flip.

We need to talk methodology briefly. I’ll do this as a Q&A in order to make it a little livelier.

What the heck is DW/N? As my primary vote-aggregating resource, I’m using DW/Nominate scores, which are a tool I used in a number of vote-scoring-themed diaries last summer. The main advantage DW/N has over other scores is that they aggregate absolutely every vote, instead of cherry-picking. (ADA ratings and CQ party unity scores, for instance, pick so few votes that it’s terribly insufficient gradation among representatives; nearly all Dems have an ADA score of 90, 95, or 100, while nearly all have a CQ score in the 96-98 range… which is why I don’t use either of those metrics.) In each case, I’m using the DW/N score of whatever representative ended the session holding the seat, even if someone else held it the majority of the term.

On the other hand, most everyone else (Progressive Punch, National Journal, CQ, the ADA) uses a 0-100 score, with 100 being most liberal, which is easy for people to mentally convert to the A-B-C-D-F grading scale. By comparison, DW/Nominate scores are difficult to interpret. The scores generally run from – 1 (most liberal) to 1 (least liberal). The scoring algorithm seems to measure similarities between voting records among representatives; a number further away from 0 indicates a greater amount of distance between your record and those of other reps. In fact, if your voting record doesn’t look anything like anybody’s elses, you can exceed the 1 to -1 range (as with Ron Paul’s 1.4).

You may recall last year, to do this project, I created one averaged-out liberal rating using both Progressive Punch and National Journal scores. While I’d very much like to use Progressive Punch scores again — I think they do the best job of the “just right” amount of vote cherry-picking and turning it into an easy-to-understand score — they’ve already turned their attention to the 111th Congress now in session and their old scores from the 110th have already vanished from public view.

And rather than try to average out DW/Nominate and National Journal scores, I’ve just decided there’s too much apples and oranges going on there. This is partly because of the different scoring techniques, which results in some odd discrepancies… National Journal’s method is insensitive to ‘purity’ votes (i.e. voting against something not because you disagree but because it doesn’t go far enough) so the furthest-left or right members of the caucuses (like McDermott, Kucinich, Stark, DeFazio, Woolsey, Waters, or Capuano for the Dems, or Paul for the GOP) tend to get buried in mid-caucus or even treated as centrists.

More importantly, though, there are 19 seats for which there is no National Journal composite score for both 2007 and 2008, mostly because the seat changed hands in a special election (or because of a lot of absences, either for sickness or leadership duties). As a result, what I’ve decided to do is run entirely separate tables based solely on National Journal numbers. As you can see, many of the same people appear relatively in the same places. Members for whom there are scores, and the PVI of their districts, are rated 1-416 instead of 1-435. (The missing parties are Pelosi, Lantos/Speier, Millender-McDonald/Richardson, Crenshaw, Norwood/Broun, Rush, Hastert/Foster, Carson/Carson, Jindal/Scalise, Baker/Cazayoux, Wynn/Edwards, Meehan/Tsongas, Wicker/Childers, Andrews, Gillibrand, Gilmoor/Latta, Pryce, Davis/Wittman, and Cubin.)

Here are the tables based on National Journal composite scores instead. (There is a rating for both 2007 and 2008, so I averaged the two to get one score for each. Again, representatives and districts are ranked only 1 to 416 in this series, because scores aren’t available for 19 seats.) Here are the underperforming Dems:

Rep. District PVI PVI rank NJ Liberal rank Difference
A. Davis AL-07 D+17 60 58.15 181 – 121
Jefferson LA-02 D+28 25 74.35 119 – 94
Meek FL-17 D+35 10 78.25 95.5 – 85.5
Capuano MA-08 D+33 17 77.85 101 – 84
Stark CA-13 D+21 38 74 120 – 82
Serrano NY-16 D+43 1 80.75 80 – 79
G. Green TX-29 D+8 124.5 54.1 198 – 73.5
Lipinski IL-03 D+10 99.5 61.95 172 – 72.5
Emanuel IL-05 D+18 56 72.8 128 – 72
C. Brown FL-03 D+16 63 71.6 134.5 – 71.5
Ryan OH-17 D+14 71 70.05 142 – 71
Maloney NY-14 D+26 27 78.15 97 – 70
Meeks NY-06 D+38 6 81.05 75.5 – 69.5
M. Udall CO-02 D+8 118 57 186.5 – 68.5
Engel NY-17 D+21 40 77 108 – 68
Woolsey CA-06 D+21 42 76.75 109 – 67
Reyes TX-16 D+9 110.5 61 176 – 65.5
Berkley NV-01 D+9 113 60.55 177 – 64
Waters CA-35 D+33 18 80.25 81.5 – 63.5
Cooper TN-05 D+6 136.5 53.95 199 – 62.5

Here are overperforming Dems:

Rep. District PVI PVI rank NJ Liberal rank Difference
C. Edwards TX-17 R+18 400 55.7 193 207
Pomeroy ND-AL R+13 363 61.55 175 188
Matheson UT-03 R+17 391 48.85 218 173
G. Taylor MS-04 R+16 388.5 48.65 219 169.5
Skelton MO-04 R+11 332 58.55 180 152
Lampson TX-22 R+15 374 45.4 227 147
Obey WI-07 D+2 177 85.15 42 135
Herseth SD-AL R+10 323.5 52.6 203 120.5
Spratt SC-05 R+6 272.5 65.75 153 119.5
Price NC-04 D+6 138 89.1 22 116
Mollohan WV-01 R+6 275.5 63.75 163 112.5
Delahunt MA-10 D+9 116 91.4 11 105
Hinchey NY-22 D+6 139 86.4 35 104
Boyda KS-02 R+7 296 55.4 194 102
Boucher VA-09 R+7 291 56.55 189 102
Hooley OR-05 D+1 185 80.1 85.5 99.5
Holden PA-17 R+7 288.5 56.1 191 97.5
Chandler KY-06 R+7 288.5 55.15 195 93.5
Capps CA-23 D+9 108 90.35 16 92
Grijalva AZ-07 D+10 103 91.2 12 91

Here are the overperforming Republicans:

Rep. District PVI PVI rank NJ Liberal rank Difference
Kline MN-02 R+3 223.5 10 398 – 174.5
Mica FL-07 R+4 241.5 11.75 386 – 144.5
Feeney FL-24 R+3 231 14.1 372.5 – 141.5
Ryan WI-01 R+2 215 16.4 352 – 137
Shadegg AZ-03 R+6 277.5 5.5 412 – 134.5
Bachmann MN-06 R+5 262.5 10.55 396 – 133.5
Weldon FL-15 R+4 241.5 14.35 370.5 – 129
Saxton NJ-03 D+3 162.5 30.95 280 – 117.5
H. Wilson NM-01 D+2 170 28.7 283 – 113
Garrett NJ-05 R+4 251 15.45 360 – 109
Walberg MI-07 R+3 221 20.6 328 – 107
Putnam FL-12 R+5 267.5 14 374 – 106.5
Franks AZ-02 R+9 310 4.7 416 – 106
Chabot OH-01 R+1 197.5 24.9 301.5 – 104
Fossella NY-13 D+1 183 28.2 286 – 103
S. King IA-05 R+8 305 6.5 407.5 – 102.5
Latham IA-04 D+0 188 28.25 285 – 97
M. Rogers MI-08 R+2 212 24.1 308.5 – 96.5
Royce CA-40 R+8 303 9.9 399 – 96
Akin MO-02 R+9 311 6.6 406 – 95

And finally, here are the underperforming Republicans:

Rep. District PVI PVI rank NJ Liberal rank Difference
Moran KS-01 R+20 408 33.45 268 140
W. Jones NC-03 R+15 379 38.5 247 132
Simpson ID-02 R+19 403 31.5 275 128
D. Young AK-AL R+14 371 36.25 257 114
Paul TX-14 R+14 373 35.3 261 112
Gilchrest MD-01 R+10 322 49.4 217 105
Bachus AL-06 R+25 414 23.2 314 100
Platts PA-19 R+12 351 36.75 254.5 96.5
Inglis SC-04 R+15 375 31.1 279 96
Emerson MO-08 R+11 335 40.55 240 95

Is this old or new PVI? This is Classic PVI, calculated using the Cook formula and based on 2000-2004. My rationale is that their 110th Congress votes all predate the 2008 election, so if representatives actually were taking their districts’ lean into consideration, it would be based on the previous elections.

Still, this raises the interesting question of whether the 2008 election results have changed the dynamic for representatives in those few districts that changed dramatically one way or the other (for instance, are Marion Berry or Mark Kirk more endangered now?). Perhaps some of them might change their records in the 111th Congress, for better or worse, to reflect what they can see is happening on the ground in their districts. Accordingly, I’m creating yet more tables… this time, based on the newly released Cook PVIs reflecting the 2004 and 2008 elections. (I’m leaving out defeated or retired representatives from these lists, which, for instance, removes Jefferson from the underperforming Dems list, or Chabot and Feeney from the overperforming GOPers list.)

Here are the underperforming Dems. Not that many dramatic changes, but note that David Scott has zoomed up to near the top of the list, as his previously D+10 district in the Atlanta exurbs became D+15 on the strength of a huge influx of African-American residents. He’s one of only two black Blue Dogs (Sanford Bishop in rural GA-02 is the other one, and is a fine fit), and might want to rethink that.

Rep. District PVI PVI rank NJ Liberal rank Difference
A. Davis AL-07 D+18 60 – 0.286 183.5 – 123.5
D. Scott GA-13 D+15 71 – 0.257 191 – 120
Meeks NY-06 D+36 7 – 0.397 122 – 115
Meek FL-17 D+34 13 – 0.390 126 – 113
Moran VA-08 D+16 64 – 0.345 152.5 – 88.5
Doyle PA-14 D+19 55 – 0.363 142 – 87
Brady PA-01 D+35 10 – 0.439 96 – 86
Fattah PA-02 D+38 4 – 0.454 84.5 – 80.5
Berman CA-28 D+23 37 – 0.406 117.5 – 80.5
Engel NY-17 D+18 58 – 0.378 137 – 79
Schiff CA-29 D+14 75 – 0.347 151 – 76
Reyes TX-16 D+10 109 – 0.286 183.5 – 74.5
Sires NJ-13 D+21 48 – 0.398 121 – 73
Harman CA-36 D+12 98 – 0.319 169 – 71
Rush IL-01 D+34 14 – 0.455 83 – 69
S. Davis CA-53 D+14 74 – 0.362 143 – 69
Crowley NY-07 D+26 32 – 0.431 100 – 68
Lipinski IL-03 D+11 106 – 0.312 174 – 68
Towns NY-10 D+38 3 – 0.492 69 – 66
Rangel NY-15 D+41 2 – 0.492 67 – 65

Here are the overperforming Dems. Gene Taylor overtakes Chet Edwards at the top, based on the different direction their districts are going. There are definitely more Blue Dogs and their ilk on the new list than the old list, thanks to a number of southern uplands districts plunging from GOP-leaning to dark-red (Boren, Berry, Lincoln Davis, Gordon, Mollohan, Rahall).

Rep. District PVI PVI rank NJ Liberal rank Difference
G. Taylor MS-04 R+20 415 – 0.248 193 222
C. Edwards TX-17 R+20 417 – 0.240 196 221
Matheson UT-02 R+15 386 – 0.154 222 164
Skelton MO-04 R+14 374 – 0.203 212 162
DeFazio OR-04 D+2 183 – 0.602 27 156
Boren OK-02 R+14 368 – 0.128 224 144
Pomeroy ND-AL R+10 336 – 0.245 194 142
Berry AR-01 R+8 300 – 0.338 159 141
Boucher VA-09 R+11 342 – 0.232 201 141
L. Davis TN-04 R+13 359 – 0.177 218.5 140.5
Melancon LA-03 R+12 344 – 0.220 205 139
Oberstar MN-08 D+3 174 – 0.570 36 138
Childers MS-01 R+14 369 – 0.010 236 133
Mollohan WV-01 R+9 321 – 0.268 189 132
Stupak MI-01 R+3 228 – 0.436 97 131
Gordon TN-06 R+13 350 – 0.171 220 130
Hinchey NY-22 D+6 140 – 0.685 13 127
Spratt SC-05 R+7 289 – 0.325 165 124
Rahall WV-03 R+6 286 – 0.331 163.5 122.5
Grijalva AZ-07 D+6 138 – 0.655 18 120

Here are the overperforming Republicans. There’s a lot of turnover on this list from the old PVI list, but that has more to do with defeats and retirements than vastly changed districts (Chabot, Feeney, Walberg, Tancredo, Musgrave, Keller, Tom Davis, Heather Wilson, Weldon, and Knollenberg would all clock in higher than Dave Camp). However, note the sudden appearance of a lot of Illinois, Michigan, and California districts on the new list, based on Obama’s strong performance in those states.

Rep. District PVI PVI rank NJ Liberal rank Difference
Ryan WI-01 R+2 218 0.690 397 – 179
Rohrabacher CA-46 R+6 262 0.826 424.5 – 162.5
Bilbray CA-50 R+3 232 0.684 394 – 162
Campbell CA-48 R+6 263 0.826 424.5 – 161.5
Manzullo IL-16 R+2 222 0.630 374 – 152
Roskam IL-06 Even 193 0.552 341 – 148
Tiberi OH-12 D+1 192 0.508 318 – 126
Garrett NJ-05 R+7 291 0.771 417 – 126
Kline MN-02 R+4 239 0.616 365 – 126
Royce CA-40 R+8 303 0.794 421 – 118
Lungren CA-03 R+6 261 0.641 377 – 116
Castle DE-AL D+7 133 0.291 245 – 112
Shadegg AZ-03 R+9 317 0.903 429 – 112
Biggert IL-13 R+1 210 0.512 321 – 111
Kirk IL-10 D+6 142 0.320 251.5 – 109.5
Petri WI-06 R+4 246 0.568 350.5 – 104.5
Sessions TX-32 R+8 302 0.727 403.5 – 101.5
Rogers MI-08 R+2 212 0.498 313.5 – 101.5
Pitts PA-16 R+8 304 0.728 405 – 101
Camp MI-04 R+3 236 0.538 335.5 – 99.5

And here are the underperforming Republicans…

Rep. District PVI PVI rank NJ Liberal rank Difference
W. Jones NC-03 R+16 397 0.279 242 155
Moran KS-01 R+23 424 0.442 286 138
Simpson ID-02 R+17 406 0.397 271 135
Emerson MO-08 R+15 385 0.329 257 128
Aderholt AL-04 R+26 430 0.476 303 127
Lucas OK-03 R+24 425 0.493 310 115
R. Hall TX-04 R+21 422 0.503 315 107
Whitfield KY-01 R+15 381 0.430 281 100
Bachus AL-06 R+29 435 0.538 335.5 99.5
Crenshaw FL-04 R+17 407 0.489 308 99

Why aren’t you using regression instead of discrete ranks? Good question. Last year, I used discrete ranks because that’s all I knew how to do. I’ve gotten a lot more familiar since then with some of the more advanced tools in Excel, so when I set out to re-do this project this year, my first attempts tried turning this into a regression exercise. The results, however, weren’t as satisfactory, so I went back to what I knew worked.

To illustrate this, take a look at the results graphed as a scatterplot (DW/Nominate data on the vertical axis, PVI on the horizontal axis).

DW-Nominate 2007-08

For the most part, you can see very clear correlations, as the two parties cluster tightly but also have nice slopes indicating the relationship between voting record and PVI. (And the gap between the two parties shows how even the worst Dem is still much better than the best GOPer.) However, notice that the tight cluster of Dems start to flatten out and then turn into more of a spray as you get into the districts with super-high PVIs.

The representatives in the highest-PVI districts aren’t especially more progressive than the ones in the lower but still solid-blue districts. A regression line, however, would predict that because of the great distance between say, the D+43 standing of NY-15 and NY-16 and the other districts, therefore the reps from these districts should also be much, much more progressive than anyone else. This is particularly a problem when using National Journal scores, which max out at 100; even if we somehow elected Angela Davis in those districts, she still would be underperforming because the “TREND” function on Excel says that to be a good fit, you have to bend the laws of mathematics and get a National Journal score of 105.

Just for the sake of comparison, here’s the Top 10 most underperforming Dems according to a true regression model (based on residuals, which are the differences between the projected voting records according to the trendline and actual voting records): Serrano, Rangel, Meeks, Towns, Meek, Fattah, Brady, Rush, Pelosi, and Clarke. As you can see, there are a number of commonalities between this list and the list above… but a perceptive reader will also notice that these are basically just the people in the districts with the top 10 highest PVIs, in approximately the right order (although Kendrick Meek is still somewhat out-of-whack). On the Republican side, the method also views Ron Paul as the most overperforming and potentially vulnerable Republican (although after that it settles down to the usual suspects: Franks, Rohrabacher, Ryan, etc.).

So, I discarded the method that just tells me that our juiciest primary targets are the representatives who are in our bluest districts. Switching back to discrete ranks comes with its own problems: while it flattens out the distortion at the margins, it may create some distortion in the middle, where it may place more importance than should be accorded on small DW/Nominate score differences among members who are clustered near the median of their caucuses. So, as always, I welcome any thoughts on the methodology here and how to make this the fairest-possible assessment of House members’ fits.

One other idea I’ve mulled over is the possibility of ranking representatives only against a cohort of the representatives in 5 or 10 most similar districts, similar not just in terms of presidential voting but other demographic characteristics. For example, let’s take a look at AL-07, of interest to us not just because it’s where the most out-of-whack Dem (Artur Davis) is, but because it’s a district that points to the flaws of using only PVI as an indicator of who’s a good fit, as it’s a good bit more socially conservative than most other districts in the D+18 range.

One would want to compare Davis to the representatives in MS-03 and SC-06, similar not just in terms of their PVI but also their racial composition. Beyond that, TN-09, NC-12, FL-03, and VA-03 are also similar in region, PVI, and race, though somewhat less similar, in terms of being less impoverished and more urban. If you average out the DW/N scores for Bennie Thompson, Jim Clyburn, Steve Cohen, Mel Watt, Corrine Brown, and Bobby Scott, you get – 0.462 (ranging from – 0.544 for Watt to – 0.403 for Clyburn), so Davis’s – 0.286 still points to a significant under-performance. Of course, I’d need to develop a statistical method for analyzing which districts truly are the most similar to each other using a similar technique as Nate Silver’s state similarity index (rather than simply saying “Hmm, these ones seem similar”), so while this method seems the most promising to me, it’ll still need a lot of work too.

UPDATE: See the entire dataset at Google Docs.

Democracy Corps/GQR Survey Shows Battleground Dems in Good Shape

A new poll of “battleground” districts:

A new survey by Democracy Corps and Greenberg Quinlan Rosner Research in the 40 most marginal Democratic seats shows Democratic incumbents holding strong in the territory where nearly all expect Republicans to reclaim lost ground. With Congress poised to vote on the president’s budget, the Democratic incumbents are winning over 50 percent of the vote – stable over the last three months – and hold a double-digit lead against their generic challengers even in the 20 most difficult seats. Meanwhile, in the 15 most marginal Republican districts the incumbents are far from safe. They beat their generic Democratic challengers by just 6 points and fail to top 50 percent in the vote (48 to 42 percent). Republicans are still on defense while President Obama remains very popular across all of these districts. …

This memo is based on a survey of 1,500 likely voters in the 40 most competitive Democratic-held districts and the 15 most marginal Republican-held districts conducted for Democracy Corps by Greenberg Quinlan Rosner Research April 16-21, 2009.

Interesting stuff. Some hard numbers from the survey (PDF):

• Obama approval (all districts): 55-35

• Democratic incumbents: 52-39

• Republican incumbents: 48-42

Dem incumbents were tested against generic Republicans and vice-versa, so it’s an apples-to-apples comparison – and not a good one for the GOP. Obama’s approval, interestingly, was basically the same in D and R districts, even in the “Tier 1” most vulnerable Dem seats which went to McCain by an average of six points.

The full memo is here (PDF), and the list of districts polled is here (PDF).

Tinklenberg’s surplus should be a lesson to us all

Last October, Representative Michele “Crazy as Steve King” Bachmann (MN-06) disgraced herself on “Hardball” and sparked a ridiculously successful fundraising drive for her Democratic opponent, El Tinklenberg. I was impressed by the enthusiasm and kicked in a few bucks for Tinklenberg myself, but I was dismayed to see bloggers continue to help him raise money even after he’d raised more than $750,000 and the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee had promised to spend an additional $1 million in his district. Within a few days of Bachmann’s notorious comments, Tinklenberg had more money than he needed to run a solid media and GOTV campaign during the final two weeks before the election.

Since most Congressional races against incumbents are longshots, I wanted to see the netroots expand the field by raising $50,000 or more for a large number of unheralded challengers.

Instead, the fundraising frenzy for Tinklenberg continued.

Yesterday Markos linked to this piece from CQ Politics about how Tinklenberg’s campaign committee was the largest donor to the DCCC in March, giving a total of $250,000:

You may recall that his Republican opponent was Rep. Michele Bachmann, whose mid-October comment that Obama “may have anti-American views” angered Democrats nationwide and spawned an avalanche of contributions to Tinklenberg in the waning days of a campaign that Bachmann won by 46 percent to 43 percent, with a third-party candidate taking 10 percent.

Apparently the money was coming in too fast for Tinklenberg to spend completely: he raised $3 million for his campaign, of which $1.9 million came in after October 15, and had $453,000 in leftover campaign funds at the end of 2008 and $184,000 at the end of March.

I’m not saying it wasn’t worth getting behind Tinklenberg. Bachmann is among the worst Republicans in Congress, and this district rightly seemed winnable. However, the netroots clearly funneled way more money to Tinklenberg than he could spend effectively. We got carried away by emotions and were not thinking strategically.

What if a million of the dollars we sent to the MN-06 race had been spread around 10 or 20 other districts? A bunch of the candidates I wanted to support as part of an expanded field got blown out by large margins, but an extra $50,000 could have made the difference for Josh Segall in AL-03, or for several candidates who weren’t on my radar, such as Bill Hedrick in CA-44.

The netroots rally for Tinklenberg started out as a good cause but took on a momentum of its own. It didn’t help that Tinklenberg sent fundraising e-mails to his new donors every day or two during the home stretch, even after he had more than enough money to close out the campaign.

Maybe the majority of blog readers who gave $10 or $20 or $50 to Tinklenberg wouldn’t have given to some other longshot Congressional challenger. Maybe people need an emotional trigger before they are willing to open their wallets. But in future election cycles, we need to be smarter about how we focus our energy and our fundraising efforts during the final weeks of a campaign. There’s no shortage of wingnuts worth targeting. Also, a fair number of good incumbent Democrats will probably need our help in 2010, depending on how the economy looks 18 months from now.

Any ideas or suggestions on how to raise money effectively during the next cycle would be welcome in this thread.

House 1Q 2009 Fundraising Roundup

The FEC’s April 15th deadline for candidates to file their first quarter fundraising reports has come and gone, and now it’s SSP’s turn to rake together all the interesting numbers for House incumbents and the (very few) challengers who have filed.

As always, all numbers are in thousands and are adjusted for rounding. “CoH” indicates cash-on hand, and the “Raised” column contains strictly funds raised through donor contributions, not loans. An “X” in the “Frontline” column indicates a Democratic incumbent’s participation in the DCCC’s Frontline program.

A few quick notes:

  • The average amount raised by a Frontline participant was $255K, with each member having an average CoH of $269K.
  • The biggest raiser of the Frontline class was John Adler, who raked in $461K. The weakest? Carol Shea-Porter, who only took in $111K. She never makes our lives easy…
  • Challengers who outraised incumbents: Beth Krom (D, CA-48), Steve Chabot (R, OH-01) and Jack McDonald (D, TX-10).
  • Fuel for the retirement watch: Check out the weak hauls of GOP Reps. Henry Brown ($22K), Frank Wolf ($2K) and Bill Young ($1K). Delaware’s Mike Castle will want to pump up the volume now that he’s facing a top-tier challenger, but he’s also sitting on a fairly hefty war chest.
  • ID-01: Bill “Brain Fade” Sali, who is supposedly mulling a rematch with Democrat Walt Minnick, brought in nothing — and he’s still carrying about $100,000 worth of debts from his previous two campaigns. Not exactly an encouraging sign for those of us who love to have Sali to kick around.
  • LA-02: Joe Cao raises $143K, but only banks $61K at the end of the quarter. Not impressive at all — but even if he was raking in Mark Kirk-like sums per quarter, he’d still lose. So what’s the point?

California Demographic Tidal Wave Building

There’s suddenly been a lot of discussion of the Republican-held districts in California being the next big treasure trove of Democratic pickups in the House, surprising considering that California has a very bifurcated political geography and, on top of that, one of the most aggressively pro-incumbent gerrymanders. This started with a study published by the California Target Book showing precipitously declining GOP registrations, and continued with the DCCC‘s announcement that it would go big in 2010 in the eight districts where Obama won that are still occupied by House Republicans.

For instance, CA-26 has shown a drop in the GOP’s registration edge from 2002 to 2008 from 11% to 6%, CA-45 has seen a similar drop from 11% to 4%, and perhaps most out of left field, Buck McKeon’s CA-25 has dropped from 9% to 1%. In CA-03 (where Dan Lungren barely escaped in 2008), it dropped from 11% to 2%, and in CA-44 (where Ken Calvert escaped even more narrowly), it dropped from 16% to 7%.

What’s driving these changing registrations? Is it just ticked-off moderates realizing that something’s amiss with today’s GOP and changing teams? I’m sure there’s some of that happening, but that can’t by itself explain the size of those numbers. What’s driving this seems to be the changing demographics of who’s moving into and out of these districts. With the GOP’s declining fortunes among Latino and Asian voters (fueled by the GOP’s own self-defeating hardline extremism on the immigration issue), it can’t help that those are where most of the growth is happening in most of these districts.

While the magnitude of the demographic sea change in California isn’t as great as the non-white growth in Texas (which I wrote about prior to the 2008 election), it’s still impressive to see. This chart details the changes in each group from the 2000 census to the 2007 estimate, for each House district that’s held by the Republicans. (‘White’ means non-Hispanic white.)

District Rep. Kerry
%
Obama
%
Total
gain
White
gain
Af.-Am.
gain
Asian
gain
Hispanic
gain
CA-02 Herger 37 43 67,021 27,716 1,337 5,805 29,851
CA-03 Lungren 41 49 146,160 45,010 20,391 38,477 44,250
CA-04 McClintock 37 44 112,419 62,724 3,839 18,398 25,547
CA-19 Radanovich 38 46 101,949 20,874 9,436 8,596 66,772
CA-21 Nunes 34 42 108,725 6,981 1,405 11,334 88,698
CA-22 McCarthy 31 38 128,449 7,546 16,822 6,942 96,609
CA-24 Gallegly 43 51 44,034 – 9,600 – 1,413 7,750 49,124
CA-25 McKeon 40 50 143,246 – 26,236 25,300 15,935 119,934
CA-26 Dreier 44 51 51,417 – 14,604 – 1,491 26,625 47,452
CA-40 Royce 39 47 29,403 – 43,083 5,837 23,992 48,880
CA-41 Lewis 37 44 136,950 – 734 16,196 16,845 107,741
CA-42 G. Miller 37 45 47,896 – 4,641 – 1,397 15,719 46,613
CA-44 Calvert 40 50 198,959 35,183 12,632 19,101 126,396
CA-45 Bono Mack 43 52 225,020 50,882 13,581 18,181 135,086
CA-46 Rohrabacher 42 48 16,612 – 18,782 2,464 23,496 12,397
CA-48 Campbell 40 49 78,712 2,273 4,327 45,264 31,105
CA-49 Issa 36 45 132,037 32,752 2,981 20,122 76,245
CA-50 Bilbray 44 51 68,851 10,987 992 22,038 35,297
CA-52 Hunter 38 45 21,746 – 16,440 1,424 12,635 20,083

Bear in mind that not all of the Latino persons listed here are able to vote, either because they aren’t citizens or are too young, so this is more of a time-bomb in some districts, like the ones in the mostly-agricultural Central Valley. Case in point is CA-21, which (along with CA-45) is the only of these districts to have moved into an outright Latino plurality this decade, but is still one of the most Republican districts in the state.

On the other hand, some of the more suburban districts, like CA-44 and CA-45 in Riverside County, are poised to flip pretty soon (although these are two of the most hard-hit districts anywhere by the foreclosure crisis and the collapse of the construction industry, so it’ll require a lot of watching in these districts to see who stays and who goes). And even more surprisingly, CA-25 is zooming in our direction, at least demographically, making the drop to a 1% GOP registration edge maybe not that unexpected. (There’s only one district that seems to be bucking this overall trend, where most of the growth is white, and that’s CA-04… oddly enough, the district of all these where we came closest in 2008 to picking up the House seat, although the circumstances there were unusual.)

As in Texas, these changes aren’t going to happen overnight. But in the red parts of California, as with Texas, in the next decade, we’re either going to see a GOP that changes its message (and, well, everything else) to appeal to a more diverse America, or that starts hemmorhaging seats in its once-red strongholds.

Everything that you need to know about Ohio

Ohio is, in reality, a knife edge “purple” state. Voters here (as opposed to bloggers) are kitchen table Democrats (econ issues) but drift rightward on social issues and are extremely susceptible to crafty framing on wedge issues.

The world had to endure the last four years of hell because 118,000 Ohio voters put The Shrub back in office for two reasons. One was Tom Noe’s ill gotten booty (and it WAS MUCH more than what has been revealed) that he pumped into the GOP here and because they came out to vote for The Hate Amendment.

Recently, we have seen press speculation about Rep. Tim Ryan already working on running for Lt. Gov. with Ted Strickland and eventually becoming Gov.

Of course, there’s a back story. Let’s call it “Ted’s Grand Plan.”

Class, let’s review…

The Ohio House in the General Assembly is barely in Dem control but the Senate is an absolute disaster on every level and completely hopeless. We currently control the STATE redistricting board by one vote. If we lose either AG or SoS, (or the Ohio House) control would flip.

Richard Cordray would have been my choice for the US Senate but he agreed to Ted’s request to move into the state AG spot to replace the disgraced Marc Dann. (Thus eliminating one strong contender for the US Senate) Good move in terms of better government. He’ll do a great job.

You’ve gotta remember that Gov. Ted is all in for Lee Fisher as Senator, so with Cordray settled in at AG, that’s one less obstacle for Fisher.

Ryan was the other obstacle. So, Ted offers him the title of governor heir apparent. (Which is, in fact. all this discussion really means.) Ryan (and Ted) are taking the very long view.

Ryan’s current US House is District is one of four obscenely gerrymandered Dem “quarantine” districts that the GOP created at nearly 70% (or more!) Democratic turnout. This was to confine Dem voters to as few districts as possible in order to create as many GOP majority Districts as they could.

The strongly Dem districts are held by Marcy Kaptur, Dennis the Menace, Ryan and Marcia Fudge (formerly held by the late Tubbs-Jones) The latter district is the only one that will survive as such an overwhelmingly Dem district –on the grounds of minority representation.

Ohio will lose two House seats after the current census. Marcy, Dennis and Ryan’s districts will all have to lose some measure of Democratic majority in order to create more Dem majority districts, which cannot be done with these three districts running far too Democratic.

Which is what makes the specter of a Cafaro candidacy so nauseating. If that District becomes even vaguely competitive, she’ll blow it.

[Ed. Note: I would mention that that OH-14 is one of the most closely divided US House Districts to be represented by a GOPer. I say: “blow that sucker right off of the map!” Just eliminate it altogether.]

So here’s the plan: We control the Ohio redistricting process and threaten the GOP with… well… exactly what they did to us. And THAT is our leverage when, during US reapportionment, the Ohio House produces a Dem majority map and the Ohio Senate produces another one of their obscenities.

So had it not been for Judge Brunner’s decision to run for the US Senate, Ted had his plan all worked out. But now, if we lose control of Ohio SoS, the wheels completely come off. That’s why there is already a big hubub over who will run for SoS. Now the buzz is for Franklin County Commissioner Marilyn Brown. (Judge Brunner is supporting her, but I bet Ted was consulted.)

But if you look at the big picture, you can see why people are making these kinds of announcements which seem so far removed from when anything will actually happen.

OK, I’m going back to the real world now..

Redistricting NC in 2010

So I decided to have a look at how my state’s congressional districts could be redistricted come 2010. It looks like we’ll miss getting a 14th seat by about 100k people (so close…), so I had to make a plan with 13 seats. This was interesting because based on the 2008 census estimates, each seat would have over 700,000 people

In NC, redistricting is done solely by the legislature, which is now under Democratic control. While it could hypothetically shift to the GOP in 2010, our numbers are good enough that that would be unlikely.

I focused mainly on protecting the 8 Democratic incumbents (espescially Kissell and Shuler), seeing as the 5 districts still in GOP hands are pretty Republican for the most part.

Here is my map:

2010 NC Redistricting

1st District – G.K. Butterfield (D-Wilson). This is a solidly Democratic, black majority district that covers much of northeastern North Carolina. I didn’t make many big changes to this district, mostly because it was hard to pinpoint specific black areas and how much the black populations there have changed.

2nd District – Bob Etheridge (D-Lillington). This mainly rural district narrowly went for Obama after voting for Bush in 2000 and 2004. I added more black areas in Wake County to make it somewhat more Democratic and moved some Republican parts of Johnston County to the nearby 3rd district. Etheridge has been elected 7 times so he is probably safe here.

3rd District – Walter Jones (R-Farmville). This is a solidly Republican coastal district where Obama got only 37% of the vote, and Jones is fairly popular so I didn’t change very much, Just for kicks, I drew Jones’ home into the 1st district, but he can still run in the 3rd.

4th District – David Price (D-Chapel Hill). This rapidly growing district includes much of the Triangle and RTP. Obama won 62% here mainly thanks to Durham and Orange counties. I transferred some of the populous Wake County parts of this district to the 13th and 2nd districts to make them more Democratic.

5th District – Virginia Foxx (R-Banner Elk). This is GOP country. It would have been a challenge to make this district more Democratic without harming some of the neighboring districts. The 5th lost Democratic Watauga County, but I added Republican parts of Guilford County (Greensboro) from the 6th district and most of Rockingham County from the 13th district.

6th District – Howard Coble (R-Greensboro). Coble is NC’s longest serving congressman, first elected in 1984. I kept his Republican district mostly the same but gave some of his Guilford territory to Virginia Foxx. Coble will keep his job for as long as he wants.

7th District – Mike McIntyre (D-Lumberton). This district went for McCain by 6 points, but on the state and local level it is mostly Democratic. I added some more areas in Sampson County but didn’t change very much. McIntyre is a conservative Blue Dog who matches his district well and the 7th has only had 3 congressmen in the the last 50 years, so he is safe.

8th District – Larry Kissell (D-Biscoe). After narrowly losing to Robin Hayes in 2006, Kissell finally defeated him in 2008, while Obama won the district by 8 points. To make it more Democratic, I gave parts of Republican-leaning Union County (Jesse Helms grew up there) to Sue Myrick’s 9th district. In return, the 8th picked up some Democratic urban areas of Charlotte from the 9th.

9th District – Sue Myrick (R-Charlotte). This district is made up of the Republican-leaning suburbs of Charlotte and it has been held by former Myrick since 1995. McCain won the 9th by 10 points and Myrick will be safe for a long time. In addition to trading urban areas of Charlotte with Republican parts of the 8th district, I put all of Gaston County into the 9th district (I will explain).

10th District – Patrick McHenry (R-Cherryville). This is the granddaddy of GOP districts in NC and has been in Republican hands since 1969. I took in all of Rutherford and McDowell counties from Heath Shuler’s 11th district. I also drew McHenry’s lifelong Gaston County home into the 9th just to annoy him 🙂

11th District – Heath Shuler (D-Waynesville). I gave McHenry Rutherford and McDowell counties, but in return I took in Mitchell and Avery counties from the 10th. I added Democratic trending Watauga County (App State) to Shuler’s district to make it more Democratic.

12th District – Mel Watt (D-Charlotte). This is the infamous 12th district, which has been declared unconstitutional 3 different times. It’s a black plurality, very Democratic district that follows the I-85 corridor. I didn’t make many changes, mainly because I didn’t know much about the specific racial concentrations within each county.

13th District – Brad Miller (D-Raleigh). After narrowly going for Bush in 2000 and then Kerry in 2004, this district gave Obama a whopping 58% of the vote in 2008. It was gerrymandered by then State Sen. Brad Miller 2001 to elect him when NC gained a 13th seat in 2000. I made it more Democratic by adding some urban areas of Wake County. Miller will be safe until he decides to move up to higher office.

Please let me know what you think and if there are any changes or improvements that I can make.

Thanks and enjoy!